Earthquake Damage to Railroads

W. G. Byers Collection: 1995 Japan

	Image-B2852 The column has undergone shear failure. Arrows indicate planes of shear failure.
	Image-B2853 Columns have collapsed as a result of shear failure.
	Image-B2854 Pier has undergone shear failure along planes whose orientation is indicated by the arrows.
	Image-B2855 Bent columns in concrete viaduct. Arrows indicate planes of shear failure.
	Image-B2856 Columns have collapsed as a result of shear failure.
	Image-B2857 Many shear cracks and spalling of concrete in the arch crown of the Rokko Tunnel of the Sanyo Shinkansen occurred, which are considered to have been caused by lateral forces. In addition, shear cracks and spalling of side wall joints also occurred, which are considered to have been caused by vertical forces.
	Image-B2858 Elevated railroad bridge supported by a single pier. "The northern side of 2 parallel single bridges (i.e. not connected to each other) collapsed completely for a length of .35 km. The site is about 15km from the center of Kobe between Shukugawa and Nishinomiya-kitaguchi on the Hankyu Line, and was constructed in 1967."
	Image-B2859 Track repair on Sanyo-Shinkansen east of Rokko Tunnel (March 1995)

W. G. Byers Collection